SECTION 1.
The Legislature finds and declares all of the following:
(a) Over the past 4.5 years, the State of California has given the City and County of Sacramento and Sacramento Steps Forward nearly $450,000,000 to address homelessness.
(b) Despite these investments, Sacramento County’s population of chronically homeless individuals was the third highest in the nation in 2023, according to the United States Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD).
(c) HUD’s assessment found that around 72 percent of the people experiencing homelessness in Sacramento County are unsheltered, the fifth-highest percentage in the nation.
(d) The homelessness population of the County of Sacramento has increased 13 percent from 2024 to 2026, according to the most recent point-in-time count.
(e) On any given night, over 7,500 people experience homelessness in the County of Sacramento.
(f) Sacramento has also faced a steep rise in student homelessness, with a 19-percent increase from 2023 to 2024—far surpassing the state’s increase of 9 percent in student homelessness.
(g) To address these issues, the City and County of Sacramento themselves recommended a joint powers authority (JPA) in 2010.
(h) In September 2010, the Sacramento City Council passed a resolution to implement a JPA with a staff recommendation to create it by the end of the 2010–11 fiscal year. However, no JPA was formed.
(i) In November 2010, the Sacramento Steps Forward published a report highlighting its goal of forming a JPA by 2011. However, no JPA was formed.
(j) In December 2010, the City and County of Sacramento adopted a resolution to form a JPA. However, no JPA was formed.
(k) A Sacramento city manager’s report in March 2011 outlined a planned JPA timeline, including the JPA board being seated in March 2012. However, no JPA was formed.
(l) In November 2011, the County of Sacramento presented at a city council meeting, outlining the county’s roles and responsibilities, how it would collaborate with Sacramento Steps Forward, and why a JPA model should be implemented. However, no JPA was formed.
(m) In 2019, the Sacramento Grand Jury reported that a Sacramento JPA is vital and recommended the city and county reconsider a JPA. Still, no JPA was formed.
(n) In November 2022, frustrated Sacramento voters passed Measure O, the Emergency Shelter and Enforcement Act, which required the city and county to work together to expand services and address encampments.
(o) In December 2022, the City and County of Sacramento signed a binding contract to work together to address homelessness. The agreement established shared coordination, joint operational teams, shared planning, and collaboration on funding. However, no consolidation of resources and staffing has been established and no JPA was formed.
(p) Despite this agreement, in the 2022–23 Grand Jury Report, the Grand Jury again recommended that the county and the seven incorporated cities implement a JPA to address homelessness by December 1, 2023. Still, no JPA was formed.
(q) In 2023, the City of Sacramento was sued by the Sacramento District Attorney, alleging that the city failed to enforce its homelessness laws. The litigation remains unresolved.
(r) In 2023, Governor Newsom and Attorney General Bonta sued the City of Elk Grove for violating state fair housing laws, reaching a settlement that included requiring the city to identify and rezone a site for affordable housing and undergo state monitoring to ensure compliance with housing laws.
(s) A 2023 Grand Jury report cited that a lack of a regional authority is a major barrier to progress, noting that efforts are often duplicative, data systems are siloed, and strategic planning is inconsistent across jurisdictions. Again, no joint powers authority was formed.
(t) Homelessness and housing affordability are regional challenges requiring coordinated action among local governments.
(u) The County of Sacramento and the cities located in the county share responsibility for the planning, funding, and delivery of housing and homelessness services.
(v) Improved coordination, accountability, and performance oversight are necessary to maximize the effectiveness of state and federal investments and improve outcomes for individuals experiencing homelessness.
(w) Since the introduction of this act, significant progress has been made toward a more coordinated regional approach to homelessness and housing.
(x) The County of Sacramento, the City of Sacramento, the City of Elk Grove, the City of Rancho Cordova, the City of Citrus Heights, and the City of Folsom, Sacramento Steps Forward, the Sacramento City and County Continuum of Care, and other stakeholders have responded to this act.
(y) The framework proposed by this act is now reflected in conversations between local jurisdictions.
(z) While concepts and timelines have been proposed, no final governance agreement has been approved, and the path forward remains dependent on future negotiations amongst multiple jurisdictions and stakeholders.
(aa) Therefore, this act remains an imperative legislative tool, key to the City of Sacramento’s accountability and coordination on the successful implementation of services related to housing and homelessness.